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Choroidal Thickness and Morphology Analysed by Optical Coherence Tomography as a Method to Approach Diabetic Ocular Disease Prognosis and Progression.

Tipo: Tesis Doctoral
Autores: Doctoranda: Lilianne Duarte.
Centro: Grupo de Oftalmobiología Celular y Molecular de la Universidad de Valencia y Unidad de Investigación Oftalmológica

INTRODUCTION: Controversial results in Diabetes for choroidal thickness (CT) have been published and Diabetic Choroidopathy (DC) identified with OCT is still to be understood.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether CT measurement is a reliable biomarker for DC and to identify OCT choroidal morphological changes correlated with CT and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

METHODS: A cohort, prospective, longitudinal and observational study of diabetic and healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were: no or any stage of DR naïve of treatment, aged 18 or more. For exclusion:  history of ocular disease or surgery; relevant media opacities; serious and uncontrolled systemic condition. A novel OCT classification to identify choroidal morphological findings was used.

RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-six diabetic and seventy-eight healthy eyes were included. From choroidal morphologic analysis we found: 78% of healthy were normal, where the choriocapillaris/Sattler (ChS) layers were always preserved. Diabetic eyes with no abnormalities had no or initial stages of DR. Focal choroidal changes were correlated with the DR above and more prominent with maculopathy. Progression of DC was correlated with progression of DR. SFCT showed huge variability with multifactorial dependence. SFCT statistical significance correlation was found only for age for both groups and choroidal layers abnormalities for diabetics.

CONCLUSION: SFCT showed not to be a reliable biomarker for DC evaluation. With OCT we can identify choroidal morphologic findings and correlate them with the DR above as a biomarker for disease progression.